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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>HIST 27/127 Immigration Spring 2026</text>
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          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <text>Braceros&#13;
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          <name>Creator</name>
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              <text>Ulloa, Domingo </text>
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          <name>Subject</name>
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              <text>Architecture Exterior — detail — fence&#13;
Dress — accessory — hat&#13;
Occupation — labor&#13;
Mexican&#13;
Figure group — male</text>
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              <text>Domingo Ulloa's crowd of seasonal laborers, who peer dejectedly through a barbed-wire fence, reinforced mounting public protest against their poor living and working conditions in the 1960s.&#13;
The artist painted this canvas after several visits to a bracero camp in Holtville, California. The Bracero Program (1942--64) was a binational effort that brought Mexican guest workers, known as braceros, to fill in agricultural labor shortages caused by World War II.&#13;
The painting's composition recalls photographs of concentration camp inmates, with which Ulloa--a World War II veteran--was familiar. Ulloa later stated, "Most of my paintings are inspired by the common people in their work, in their joy, and their struggle."</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
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              <text>Smithsonian American Art Museum</text>
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          <name>Contributor</name>
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              <text>Gift of Eugene Iredale and Julia Yoo / Smithsonian American Art Museum</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>1960</text>
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          <name>Type</name>
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              <text>Oil on masonite&#13;
</text>
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          <name>Format</name>
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              <text>36 × 49 in</text>
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          <name>Identifier</name>
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              <text>2014.20 (object number)</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <text>https://americanart.si.edu/artwork/braceros-86956</text>
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          <name>Rights</name>
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              <text>In Copyright</text>
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