Annotated Bibliography

1. Brown, David. “Hinton Rowan Helper’s The Land of Gold and the Evolution of Race Relations in California.” American Nineteenth Century History, vol. 1, no. 3, Nov. 2000, p. 28. EBSCOhost, https://doi-org.libproxy.scu.edu/10.1080/14664650008567023

This source will talk about the race relations between Italians and other immigrant groups in California before, during, and after the gold rush. This helps connect Italian labor to our topic more effectively.

2. Italian Americans: the History and Culture of a People, edited by Eric Martone, ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.libproxy.scu.edu/lib/santaclara/detail.action?docID=4740670.

This source will go in depth into how Italians worked into American society and the political ascent they experienced as they gained more power and respect. It also talks about the specific jobs they worked in and how they gained dominance in their respective industries such as the wine industry. 

3. Peck, Gunther. “Reinventing free labor : padrones and immigrant workers in the North American West, 1880-1930 / Gunther Peck.” Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 2000.

This source will speak to the Padrone system of labor, which took advantage of Italian’s immigrant status in order to exploit them for cheap labor so that the companies could achieve great profits. This further connects Italians with other immigrant groups, specifically talking about how they were persecuted against.

4. Perry, Stewart E. “Collecting garbage : dirty work, clean jobs, proud people / with a new introduction and epilogue by the author, Stewart E. Perry ; with a new foreword by Raymond Russell.” New Brunswick, N.J. : Transaction Publishers, [1998]©1998

This source will talk about Italian’s work within the garbage industry in San Francisco as a bit of a case study for successful Italian entrepreneurship. This shows more about Italian entrepreneurs, while also speaking about Italian entrepreneurs hiring those of other racial backgrounds.

5. PINNA, PIETRO. “‘Fresh Water Triumphs’: The Italian American Wine Industry’s Struggle Against Prohibition in California.” Italian American Review, vol. 8, no. 1, Winter 2018, pp. 23–46. EBSCOhost, https://doi-org.libproxy.scu.edu/10.5406/italamerrevi.8.1.0023.

This source will go in depth specifically about the Italian California wineries and how they started and lasted throughout the time of prohibition in America. This helps connect Italian immigrants to the specific wine industry.

6. Pontoniere, Paolo. “Immigration Booklet - Museo Italo Americano.” Museo Italoamericano , https://museoitaloamericano.org/wp-content/uploads/immigration-booklet-FINAL.pdf. 

This source will provide some concrete statistics and information about Italian immigration to the United States. This helps give an accurate statistic on Italian immigration in the paper.