Works Cited
Annotated Bibliography (MLA)
Caiazza, Tomasso, “Italians in California: An Interethnic Perspective on Identity and Labor”, Italy, January 25, 2022.
Dr. Caiazza is a history and Philosophy professor at the Licero Frederico Enriques. He holds a doctorate from the University of Venice Ca’ Foscari, showing that he is well informed in this field and a reputable source. His source was helpful to our paper as he gave us valuable insight into the inner intentions of white citizens in the Bay Area and greater California in reference to new Italian American immigrants. His work helped us better understand the effects of their social status and work opportunities on their greater society.
Fante, John. The Wine of Youth Selected Stories. Ecco, an Imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers, 2002.
This source provided insight into some of the situations that Italian Americans were forced into growing up in the American education system. From casual racism to discriminatory practices, to identity crises’s, John Fante’s piece illustrates no shortage of examples that reflect the long road Italian Americans had to assimilate into society via education. The source is useful because it provides a setup and baseline for us to dive deep into the East Coast context before we eventually transition into the West Coast adventures, in order to foster areas for discussion and comparison.
Ferrero, Ed. "Vari Reflects On Almost 40 Years at SC." The Santa Clara, 31 Jan. 1985, p. 15, https://content.scu.edu/digital/collection/broncoseg/id/16672/rec/96. Accessed 8 Mar. 2022.
This source was also taken from the archives in order to provide evidence towards the success of Italian Americans in education, notably Santa Clara University. In this case, Victor Vari was someone who had a lasting legacy at Santa Clara University, someone who provided a platform for people to take off in. As an Italian American, education wasn’t necessarily the forefront priority for most people who had assimilated from the East Coast, but this source illustrates the success on the West Coast that people like Vari had, to better the legacy of the Italian American people.
Immigration problems, “Labor Clarion”, December 20 1907, p. 5. Accessed 9 Mar. 2022.
The Labor Clarion was the official newspaper of the San Francisco Labor Council and California State Federation of Labor. It reported on current events related to the work field and job market, as well as the demographic of workers in San Francisco and nearby cities. This source was useful because despite the fact that it presented an ongoing issue for Asian Americans, it showed how white citizens’ views of Italian Americans helped some prosper in ways outside of higher education. It is a good source that sets up the alternative to education, showing the options of west coast Italians despite focusing deeper into the aspects of education later in the paper.
Lawrence, Eugene. “The Vision of Loyola. Our New Board of Education.” Harper’s Weekly, 28 Jun, 1873. pp. 553-554. Accessed 9 Mar. 2022.
This source is written by Harper’s Weekly, which is a New York Based American political newspaper. This source outlines the fears of east coast educational institutions with the new rise of Jesuit education. This source was then used to show how these ideals didn’t pose a problem when executed on the west coast. The source ultimately helped establish a difference between the east and west’s view on Jesuit education. Going even further, it helped explain why Italians were more comfortable with school systems in the west coast on a religious level compared to the east.
Martone, Eric. Italian Americans: The History and Culture of a People. ABC-CLIO, an Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017.
Eric Martone is a reputable source as he is an Interim Dean at the School of Education and Associate Professor of History/Social Studies Education at Mercy College. Eric Martone reports on the overall lifestyle of Italian Americans during early assimilation into American culture. This is shown through different aspects of life depicted through education, music, work environments, and other present-day influences. This source was useful to us as it dives deeper into Italian American experiences in an academic setting, which helps in our understanding of Italian American assimilation through the education system.
"Italian Club." The Redwood. Santa Clara, CA : Santa Clara University, 1960, p. 205, https://archive.org/details/redwood1960unse/page/204/mode/2up. Accessed 8 Mar. 2022.
This source was taken from the archives in order to provide context as to how Italian Americans ended up being more confident in expressing themselves along the West Coast. Santa Clara University was one of the first institutions founded by the Jesuits, and those advancements were exemplified by the fact that there was a full blown Italian club, something that couldn’t have been foreseen back on the East Coast. It serves a purpose as one of the building blocks for Italian American education along the West Coast, in order to provide context as they elevated their ways of life in the Bay Area.
